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John Marley (Heighington, County Durham, 11 November 1823 – 4 April 1891, Darlington) was a geologist and mining engineer from Darlington who together with ironmaster John Vaughan made the "commercial discovery"〔 of the Cleveland Ironstone Formation, the basis of the wealth of their company Bolckow Vaughan and the industrial growth of Middlesbrough.〔(The Geological Society: Metal mining – who pays for the clean-up?. Geoscientist 20. 6 July 2011. )〕〔(North of England Institute of Mining Engineers. Transactions Volume VI, 1857-8. )〕 He was an effective leader of engineering operations at Bolckow Vaughan's mines and collieries. He ended his career as a wealthy independent mine-owner and president of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers (NEIMME). ==Life and career== Marley was born at Middridge Grange, by Shildon, County Durham, not far from the town of Heighington. He was educated at Denton near Darlington. From 1840 he served as assistant at several Durham collieries. In 1845 he worked as a surveyor for the Stockton and Darlington Railway.〔Institution of Civil Engineers. ''Obituary'', 1891.〕 In 1846 he became resident viewer at Woodifield Colliery, the start of his career at Bolckow & Vaughan. Over the next two decades, he became the head of engineering operations for Bolckow and Vaughan's mines and collieries, capably organising a wide range of mining operations. In 1850, Vaughan and Marley made their famous "discovery" of the main seam of Cleveland Ironstone.〔 The existence of iron in the Cleveland hills was in fact well known, possibly since ancient times〔 and certainly since at least 1811, as repeated attempts had been made to sell it, but without success.〔 In 1852, Marley, then at Bishop Auckland, became a founding member of the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers (NEIMME);〔(NEIMME: MEMOIR OF JOHN MARLEY. BY His Son, J. W. MARLEY. )〕 he joined the NEIMME council in 1856, giving his address as Mining Offices, Darlington. He became Vice-President in 1872. He served as President from 1888–1890.〔(Durham Mining Museum: John Marley )〕 In 1863, Marley discovered a deposit of rock salt at Middlesbrough while drilling for water.〔Marley, 1863.〕 He resigned from Bolckow Vaughan in 1867, but continued to consult with them until 1869.〔 In 1870, Marley became chairman of his own company, the newly registered North Brancepeth Coal Co. Ltd. It grew to include 4 collieries.〔(Durham Mining Museum: North Brancepeth Coal Co. Ltd. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Marley (geologist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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